Modafinil, also known by its brand name Modalert, is a prescription medication used to promote wakefulness and improve cognitive function in certain sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder. Modafinil has been shown to increase alertness, reduce fatigue, and enhance mental acuity. In recent years, the use of modafinil has extended beyond its prescribed medical use, as individuals seeking to boost their productivity and cognitive abilities have turned to the drug as a "smart drug" or nootropic.